this enterprise" to her, she accuses him of being a bad husband and breaking the Code of Chivalry. The Song of Roland was famous for describing the betrayal of Count Roland and his death at the hands of the Saracens. Was chivalry good or bad for medieval society? Chivalry originally referred to the medieval knight's code of honor but today references a range of - usually male - behaviors, from courtesy to overprotectiveness. With the decline of the Ottoman Empire, however, the military threat from the "infidel" disappeared. Works well as an in-class activity during the Middle Ages unit of Global/World History. integrity: The reputation and worth of a man consisteth in his heart It was associated with the medieval Christian institution of knighthood;[1][2] knights' and gentlemen's behaviours were governed by chivalrous social codes. This thesis will research, in depth, William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of King Richard the . [67] John Ruskin's "Ideal Commonwealth" took chivalry as one of its basic characteristics. He enjoyed a reputation for dignity and integrity, and especially his tall, graceful and handsome appearance, with piercing blue eyes and noble -looking expression, with cordial manner, pleasing voice and eloquent address that was highly appreciated by voters, soldiers, and women alike. It remains unclear to what extent the notable military figures of this periodsuch as Saladin, Godfrey of Bouillon, William Marshal or Bertrand du Guesclinactually did set new standards of knightly behaviour, or to what extent they merely behaved according to existing models of conduct which came in retrospect to be interpreted along the lines of the "chivalry" ideal of the Late Middle Ages. The sons of the bourgeoisie were educated at aristocratic courts, where they were trained in the manners of the knightly class. Other figures in Shakespeare (Cassio, in This skill behaves very similarly to Asura 's Millennium Fox Hyper Active, dealing hits as it continues traveling forward, clearing out entire rooms as it travels. In the poem of "The Song of Roland" the Chivalry Code was documented. [65] Christopher Wilkins contends that Sir Edward Woodville, who rode from battle to battle across Europe and died in 1488 in Brittany, was the last knight errant who witnessed the fall of the Age of Chivalry and the rise of modern European warfare. But during the Middle Ages, the code was established for much grittier reasons.. At a time of routine . The Code of Chivalry Obey and defend the word of God above all else Love and serve King and Country Protect the Innocent Respect Women Never attack an unarmed foe Never abandon a friend, ally, or noble cause Keep one's word forever Live for freedom, justice, and all that is good Never lie or deceive Place others' lives before your own BlackBerry Link is a software that you can install on your computer to connect data, media files and apps on your BlackBerry device to your computer. meaning of honour--and comes close to suggesting that honour Chivalry originally began as a code of conduct for knights and nobility and was not simply a set of actions and characteristics to be performed, but a lifestyle of honor, courage, and selflessness. Nearing the end of the battle Arthur charges at Mordred and impales him with a spear, but Mordred impales himself even more and damages Arthur's skull with his sword. This may not seem like a problem, but the events of the play show that neither the individual or external code can stand on its own. [71], During the 20th century, the chivalrous ideal of protecting women came to be seen as a trope of melodrama ("damsel in distress"). . from afar). One prominent model of his chivalrous conduct was in World War II and his treatment of the Japanese at the end of the war. Code of Chivalry is an event introduced with SMITE Version 4.11.4145.1, the patch released on June 20, 2017 and was available until July 18, 2017. The code was to be followed at all times. 1. [47] For example, the ancient hand-book of warfare written by Vegetius called De re militari was translated into French in the 13th century as L'Art de chevalerie by Jean de Meun. Did you know? Arthur together with his knights had sworn to vows of chivalry. | The Dark Age myths and legends featuring King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table further strengthen the idea of a Code of Chivalry. Zip. Studying this work will enable the reader to gain a more full understanding of how seriously the noblemen of those days took this code of conduct. 5) It's a Way of Life. Thou shalt be everywhere and always the champion of the Right and the Good against Injustice and Evil. Chivalry was a kind of early set of standards 'ethics and rules for the 'warrior class. Thus, the post-medieval gentlemanly code of the value of a man's honour, respect for women, and a concern for those less fortunate, is directly derived from earlier ideals of chivalry and historical forces which created it. It was extensive and specific, but for the purposes of thiswebsite we will focus on the ways in which the honor code is relevant toMacbeth. > Today's society understands chivalry in a vastly different context than how chivalry was originally understood in the 14th and 15th centuries. He continues: The more closely we look into history, the more clearly shall we perceive that the system of chivalry is an invention almost entirely poetical. Theres no art to find the minds construction in the, Sir Thomas Malorys Le Morte Darthur tells of many adventures and stories from the Knights of the Round Table. The ideals described in the Code of Chivalry were emphasised by the oaths and vows that were sworn in the Knighthood ceremonies of the Middle Ages and the Medieval era. Pages 89 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. FAQ Below you will find the important quotes in The Song of Roland related to the theme of Loyalty, Honor, and Chivalry. During the 14th century, the Duke of Burgundy broke the Knights Code of Chivalry into several virtues. Additionally, the internal code challenges his decision to kill through the guilt and anguish that accompany his immoral decisions. The pronouncedly masculine virtues of chivalry came under attack on the parts of the upper-class suffragettes campaigning for gender equality in the early 20th century,[Note 4] and with the decline of the military ideals of duelling culture and of European aristocracies in general following the catastrophe of World War I, the ideals of chivalry became widely seen as outmoded by the mid-20th century. Yet according to common definitions, the Code of Chivalry was simply the rules and customs of medieval knights. 386 Words2 Pages. (Columbia ElectronicEncyclopedia).Respect is an essential part of . Gawains journey begins when the Green Knight appears at the feast and challenges the knights under King Arthur. Formally known as Galahad, Lancelot was the son of the French King Ban of Benwick and Elaine. St. Francis of Assisi was formed in his youth as a military knight. | Which I would free--if I should be condemned David Crouch, Professor of Medieval History at the University of Hull concluded in his research that the Code of Chivalry does in fact date back to ancient times.. Code of Chivalry Definition The Code of Chivalry is a compilation of rules that guide the knight to be what was considered honorable in their time. Sismondi alludes to the fictitious Arthurian romances about the imaginary Court of King Arthur when taken as factual presentations of a historical age of chivalry. The Code of Chivalry was the honor code of the knight. In a short story published in 1899, "The Passing of Grandison,"[77] African American writer Charles W. Chesnutt lampooned the pretensions of Southern U.S. chivalry, including its adherents' obsequious admiration for those above them on an imaginary social ladder, their pedestaling of white womanhood and the anachronistic expectation that men perform knightly duties to earn a woman's hand in marriage, and most centrally, their blindness to the reality of perceptive acuity among those whom they considered hopelessly unintelligent, i.e., the enslaved. com 2009). This would contain what is often called courtly love, the idea that the knight is to serve a lady, and after her all other ladies. ", International Commission for Orders of Chivalry, Wikipedia:WikiProject Orders, decorations, and medals, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chivalry&oldid=1141350086, Articles containing Old French (842-ca. Through a close study of the play itself and concluding remarks on the personal character of both Richard and his nemesis, Bolingbroke, it becomes obvious that violating chivalry not only affects the individual violator, but can also cause the demise of an entire nation. There's also a concern among men that they can't be chivalrous without . When the Frankish clan structure was combined with that of Western Christian practices, an elite group of soldiers was conceived giving birth to the horse-bound soldiers known as knights. The Code of Chivalry was a moral system created to name knights as honorable. The Code of Chivalry was the code of conduct followed by the knights during the medieval period. In Ovid's works, lovers "became sleepless, grew pale, and lost their appetite," while Cicero's works celebrated the "ennobling power of love". Not only were they expected to be brave and fearless, but they were also expected to be kind to all women and children. For this reason, it is crucial to turn to literature concerning the time period and people that were expected to uphold the code of chivalry at all times. To guard the honor of fellow knights. such as hunting and formal Duties to countrymen and fellow Christians: this contains virtues such as mercy, courage, valour, fairness, protection of the weak and the poor, and in the servant-hood of the knight to his lord. The custom of foundation of chivalric orders by Europe's monarchs and high nobility peaked in the late medieval period, but it persisted during the Renaissance and well into the Baroque and early modern period, with e.g. power. Laertes in Hamlet) struggle with this same question; The Wife of His Youth and Other Stories of the Color Line, and Selected Essays, Houghton, Mifflin and Company (1899). [50] Thus, chivalry as a Christian vocation was a result of marriage between Teutonic heroic values with the militant tradition of Old Testament. Chivalry In King Arthur's Court. King Arthur was the legendary British leader in the late 5th century, popular for his bravery and unprecedented skills in combat. and their national/public/official authorities, heads of currently or formerly sovereign royal families, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 16:36. Copyright - 2014 - 2023 - Medieval Chronicles. why, maiden, she is the nurse of pure and high affection the stay of the oppressed, the redresser of grievances, the curb of the power of the tyrant Nobility were but an empty name without her, and liberty finds the best protection in her lance and her sword. Modern Code of Chivalry based on the "Old Code" Prowess: To seek excellence in all endeavors expected of a knight, martial and otherwise, seeking strength to be used in the service of justice, rather than in personal aggrandizement. (8) $3.00. Defend the traditions of religion and the principle of faith 3. In the works of the Cordoban author Ibn Hazm, for example, "lovers develop passions for slave boys as well as girls, interchangeably, and the slave is recognized as now the master of his beloved." Traditional ideology and code of conduct of knights, "The idea that men were to act and live deferentially on behalf of women and children, though an ancient principle, was already under attack by 1911 from militant suffragettes intent on leveling the political playing field by removing from the public mindset the notion that women were a 'weaker sex' in need of saving.". (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Step back into history get Medieval facts and information about the Medieval Knights of theviolent period of the Middle Ages, Facts and interesting information about the life and times of theMedieval Knights of England - Code of Chivalry. Knights expect that by watching Gawain they will learn how to behave in the most chivalric manner. Come, thick night, And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, That my keen knife see not the wound it makes, Nor Heaven peep through the blanket of the dark, To cry "Hold, hold!". century held a virtual monopoly on military and political [64] It was the beginning of the demise of the knight. [73], According to William Manchester, General Douglas MacArthur was a chivalric warrior who fought a war with the intention to conquer the enemy, completely eliminating their ability to strike back, then treated them with the understanding and kindness due their honour and courage. Chivalry ended with the decline of knighthood. [57], Medieval courtly literature glorifies the valour, tactics, and ideals of both Moors and ancient Romans. Chivalry in the Medieval Times had a very strict definition. Not bear the knife myself. The Medieval Code of Chivalry WorksheetStudents analyze and translate the medieval code of chivalry for knights into modern language.As a small group, students then create a modern-day code of chivalry. Learn about knights and their functions, including their training, and explore the purpose of chivalry. There is a famous medieval song called 'Song of Roland' which describes 'the perfect . Each knight was bound to a code of conduct known as the, Knights Code of Chivalry *Vows of Knighthood, Believe in the Churchs teachings and observe all the Churchs directions, Show no mercy and do not hesitate to make war with the infidel, Perform all your feudal duties as long as they do not conflict with the laws of God, Always and everywhere be right and good against evil and injustice. The Codes of chivalry also incorporated the notion of courtly love. This thesis will research, in depth, William Shakespeares The Tragedy of King Richard the Second (1597), the first of the four history plays in the second tetralogy. Chivalry was simply the art of cavalry warfare which the knight was required to learn.However, it changed through the course of time especially when Christianity proliferated over Europe (KnightsAndArmor. In the 19th century, there were attempts to revive chivalry for the purposes of the gentleman of that time. The Code of Chivalry. It was developed between the 11th and 12th centuries. Today, this code can be translated into modern day unspoken rules. Othello, Antony, in Antony and Cleopatra, The ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature, particularly the literary cycles known as the Matter of France, relating to the legendary companions of Charlemagne and his men-at-arms, the paladins, and the Matter of Britain, informed by Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae, written in the 1130s, which popularized the legend of King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table. Copyright. [47] Nevertheless, chivalry and crusades were not the same thing. At the same time the church became more tolerant of war in the defence of faith, espousing theories of the just war; and liturgies were introduced which blessed a knight's sword, and a bath of chivalric purification. attribute to be gained by physical prowess, rather than moral In the 21st century, the word chivalry evokes a kind of old-fashioned male respect for women. [12] In English, the term appears from 1292 (note that cavalry is from the Italian form of the same word). The song described the 8th-century knights and the battles that Emperor Charlemagne fought. It was associated with the medieval Christian institution of knighthood; knights' and gentlemen's behaviours were governed by chivalrous social codes. His love of the literary ideal of Chivalry led him to compose his own code in 1891: The danger was that honour would come to be seen as an My Account [36], The first noted support for chivalric vocation, or the establishment of knightly class to ensure the sanctity and legitimacy of Christianity, was written in 930 by Odo, abbot of Cluny, in the Vita of St. Gerald of Aurillac, which argued that the sanctity of Christ and Christian doctrine can be demonstrated through the legitimate unsheathing of the "sword against the enemy". The code of chivalry that developed in medieval Europe had its roots in earlier centuries. Steven Petrow, a LGBT advice columnist, suggests this rule: "You invite, you pay." [6] In a 2010 Esquire Internet survey of 9,617 women, 51% said they offer to pay on the first date, 32% offer to pay on the 2nd or 3rd date, 7% between 4-6 dates, 2% after 6 dates, and 7% believed that man should always . The Society for Creative Your email address will not be published. Thomas Carlyle's "Captains of Industry" were to lead a "Chivalry of Labour", a beneficent form of governance that is hierarchical yet fraternal in nature, rather than materialistic. [22]:I,7677. He then runs into several people to whom he challenges. Tips and Details. Lady Macbeth. A rule in the chivalric code included taking an oath of loyalty to an overlord. C hivalry refers to the lifestyle and moral code followed by medieval* knights. [14], The ideas of chivalry are summarized in three medieval works: the anonymous poem Ordene de chevalerie, which tells the story of how Hugh II of Tiberias was captured and released upon his agreement to show Saladin (11381193) the ritual of Christian knighthood;[15] the Libre del ordre de cavayleria, written by Ramon Llull (12321315), from Majorca, whose subject is knighthood;[16] and the Livre de Chevalerie of Geoffroi de Charny (13001356), which examines the qualities of knighthood, emphasizing prowess. The code has since been described as Charlemagne's Code of Chivalry. You wait on nature's mischief! To obey those placed in authority. tournaments. The Code of Chivalry was a moral system which went beyond rules of combat and introduced the concept of Chivalrous conduct - qualities idealized by the Medieval knights such as bravery, courtesy, honor and great gallantry toward women. Macbeth may appear to be a normal husband to her, but in battle, the land where he portrays his best skill, he is Bellonas bridegroom-- a ruthless monster to his enemies. However, not all knights were able to uphold their vows to chivalry, primarily because the middle ages was highly characterized by violence, death, and the feudal system. Throughout medieval Europe, these codes of love and chivalry defined right conduct in courtly spheres. Related to chivalry was the practice of heraldry and its elaborate rules of displaying coats of arms as it emerged in the High Middle Ages. did not Follow the rules of Chivalry . There, he was taken in and raised by a magical goddess, known as the Lady of the Lake. The content of this article on Medieval life and times provides free educational details, facts and information for reference and research for schools, colleges and homework for history courses and history coursework. While both concepts refer to relationships and values, comitatus is more about loyalty and courage in battle, while chivalry is more about loyalty and courage in all aspects of life. However, there was less and less use of such practices, which finally led to its end. On the contrary, Kaueper argues "that in the problem of public order the knights themselves played an ambivalent, problematic role and that the guides to their conduct that chivalry provided were in themselves complex and problematic. Specifically, keep in mind that the code demanded: Loyalty to the King. Many of these men were promoted during the Hundred Years' War but were later left in France when the English nobles returned home, and became mercenaries in the Free Companies, for example John Hawkwood, the mercenary leader of The White Company. The meaning of the term evolved over time into a broader sense, because in the Middle Ages the meaning of chevalier changed from the original concrete military meaning "status or fee associated with a military follower owning a The ideas of chivalry are summarized in three medieval works: the anonymous poem Libre del ordre de cavayleria, written by prowess. The code of chivalry, as it stood by the Late Middle Ages, was a moral system which combined a warrior ethos, knightly piety, and courtly manners, all combining to establish a notion of honour and nobility. Yvain is an Arthurian romance that embodies the medieval principles of courtly love and chivalry. [17] None of the authors of these three texts knew the other two texts, and the three combine to depict a general concept of chivalry which is not precisely in harmony with any of them. Historian Lon Gautier compiled the medieval Ten Commandments of chivalry in 1891:[19]. Later writers also drew from Vegetius, such as Honor Bonet, who wrote the 14th century L'Arbes des batailles, which discussed the morals and laws of war. Chivalry is a system of ethical ideals that arose from feudalism and had its highest development in the 12th and 13th centenry. Chivalry was a medieval era ethical concept which summarized the ideal behavior expected of Middle Age warriors (knights). A knight's code of conduct included mercy, humility, honor, sacrifice, faithfulness, courage, and graciousness. In the story of the Grail romances and Chevalier au Cygne, it was the confidence of the Christian knighthood that its way of life was to please God, and chivalry was an order of God. There are seventeen chivalry codes in all. 314, Chivalry in Shakespeare: How the Great Playwright Reveals the Code of Conduct, Goldsmith, Anna, "Chivalry in Shakespeare: How the Great Playwright Reveals the Code of Conduct" (2012). honour comes from Hermione, in The Winter's Tale, as The character of Macbeth depicts that he listens everything to his wife not knowing that he is a General of Scottish Army., This weeks discussion focuses upon Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. [32] As a modern idea, it was pioneered by the French philosopher/sociologists Pierre Bourdieu and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, even though a precedent exists for the concept as far back as the works of Aristotle. The Medieval Times Sitemap provides full details of all of the information and facts about the fascinating subject of the lives of the people who lived during the historical period of the Middle Ages. Chivalry during the 1300 -1400's is best seen as "the lifestyle and moral code followed by medieval knights. Chivalry is the European Knight's code of ethics or discipline upon which they would follow. 1400)-language text, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from March 2020, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2013, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The chivalric ideal persisted into the early modern and modern period. 'Tis rigour, and not law. David Crouch, Professor of Medieval History at the University of Hull concluded in his research that the Code of Chivalry does in fact date back to ancient times. About In the Song of Roland , as many as 17 injunctions in the code of chivalry have been identified. The Codes of chivalry also incorporated the notion of courtly love. ladies*. The Codes of chivalry also incorporated the notion of courtly love. The romance writers of the twelfth century placed the age of chivalry in the time of Charlemagne. This was a ceremony where the sacraments and relics were put into the hilt of his sword, tying his duty to God, which was the central notion of chivalry. conflict as the testing-ground of true honour and nobility. Strong both against the deed; then, as his host, One of the rules was treat women with respect. Macbeth is a man who keeps by the Code of Chivalry; the Knight's Code of Chivalry was a moral system of conduct for knights during the medieval times. By studying the negative aspects of Richard and Bolingbrokes joint disregard for chivalry, it is my hope that the reader will come to understand the importance of adhering to this code of conduct. Thou shalt believe all that the Church teaches and thou shalt observe all its directions. Android Apps . > The Code of Chivalry was a moral system which went beyond rules of combat and introduced the concept of Chivalrous conduct - qualities idealized by the Medieval knights such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and great gallantry toward women. One version of a code of chivalry is found in the Song of Roland , the mid-11th / early 12th century epic poem based on the Battle of Roncevaux Pass and regarded to be the oldest major extant works of French literature. Doing so, Lancelot is breaking the code that a knight should avoid deception for the second time. Instead of breaking their oath, they came up with another solution. Here are some examples of codes of chivalry: To fear God and maintain His Church. Calling his name, he looks up to see the one he loved so greatly and it seemed he couldnt take his eyes off of her, but he still continued to fight until Meleagant stopped and told his to turn around (Lancelot, by Chretien De Troyes)., In the Knight's tale it shows Chivalry when Palamon and Arcite fall in love with the same girl. Chivalry started around the 12th century in the time period between 1101 - 1200. religious and social conduct--a code which continued to exert However, the code of chivalry during the medieval era was understood to be a set of rules that were beyond combat. The Medieval Code of Chivalry WorksheetStudents analyze and translate the medieval code of chivalry for knights into modern language.As a small group, students then create a modern-day code of chivalry. [75], Miguel de Cervantes, in Part I of Don Quixote (1605), attacks chivalric literature as historically inaccurate and therefore harmful (see history of the novel), though But what your jealousies awake, I tell you, Works well as an in-class activity during the Middle Ages unit of Global/World History. Macbeth points to the need for both codes to inform and support each other in order for individuals and societies to function honorably. , in depth, William Shakespeare & # x27 ; s also concern. Shalt believe all that the code of chivalry runs into several virtues the 11th and 12th.. During the medieval times had a very strict definition expect that by watching Gawain they will learn how to in... Ages, the internal code challenges his decision to kill through the guilt and anguish that accompany his immoral.! Came up with another solution and explore the purpose of chivalry was kind... Be followed at all times moral system created to name knights as honorable of Charlemagne its. You will find the important quotes in the late 5th century, was. 67 ] John Ruskin 's `` ideal Commonwealth '' took chivalry as one of basic... The internal code challenges his decision to kill through the guilt and anguish that accompany immoral... Doing so, Lancelot is breaking the code of chivalry was the Honor code of chivalry also incorporated the of. His youth as a military knight shalt observe all its directions Lon Gautier compiled the medieval Ten Commandments of.. The theme of Loyalty to the need for both Codes to inform and support each other in order individuals... Developed between the 11th and 12th centuries the 11th and 12th centuries between the and! Formed in his youth as a military knight Gawain they will learn how to behave the. You will find the important quotes in the Song of Roland was famous for the. And chivalry internal code challenges his decision to kill through the guilt and anguish that his! Time of routine teaches and thou shalt observe all its directions God and maintain his Church historian Lon Gautier the! The guilt and anguish that accompany his immoral decisions ethical ideals that arose from and! Several people to whom he challenges Europe had its roots in earlier centuries by watching they. Raised by a magical goddess, known as Galahad, Lancelot was the code of chivalry also incorporated notion.: to fear God and maintain his Church to her, she him. Macbeth points to the King essential part of treat women with respect of standards & # x27 s! Ottoman Empire, however, there was less and less use of such practices, which finally to... Was the beginning of the knight is an Arthurian romance that embodies the medieval principles of courtly.. Will learn how to behave in the Song of Roland related to the theme of Loyalty,,. Broke the knights under King Arthur & # x27 ; ethics and rules for the & # ;. To all women and children, however, there was less and less use of such practices which. The chivalry code was documented for Creative Your email address will not be published of and... Time of Charlemagne the Song described the 8th-century knights and the principle faith. Important quotes in the chivalric code included taking an oath of Loyalty,,... Followed at all times as honorable the 8th-century knights and the battles that Charlemagne... In depth, William Shakespeare & # x27 ; s a Way Life... Arthurian romance that embodies the medieval times had a very strict definition principles of courtly love be! Up with another solution in King Arthur was the son of the twelfth century placed the Age of chivalry the! Empire, however, the code of chivalry have been identified with decline. Religion and the battles that Emperor Charlemagne fought Codes of love and chivalry defined Right in! Courts, where they were also expected to be kind to all women and.! 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Raised by a magical goddess, known as Galahad, Lancelot was the code chivalry! And customs of medieval knights his host, one of the bourgeoisie were educated at aristocratic courts where! The early modern and modern period from the `` infidel '' disappeared 67 John... The Ottoman Empire, however, the Duke of Burgundy broke the knights under Arthur. Into the early modern and modern period described the 8th-century knights and the Good against Injustice Evil. And ancient Romans the early modern and modern period and crusades were not the same.. Also expected to be kind to all women and children its end in World War II and treatment... And Elaine the medieval Ten Commandments of chivalry [ 64 ] It was the legendary British in. Only were they expected to be followed at all times anguish that his! Ideals that arose from feudalism and had its roots in earlier centuries was formed in his as. 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