Share your thoughts on the AMAs Residents and Fellows Facebookpageor in the comments below. It seems that every year or two there is some outbreak of a new pathogen whether it be swine flu, zika virus, or more recently the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic. The ACGME website explains that in 2003, with the threat of federal legislation to place a limit on resident hours, it was important to create common standards, while emphasizing that accreditation offers greater flexibility and sensitivity to specialty considerations than regulatory or legislative approaches.. In an article published in the Harvard Business Review describing the results of the study, author Anupam Jana, MD, PhD concludes that an 80-hour work week seems sufficient for training a doctor.. Cardiology is the first specialty on our list that does not have a dedicated residency. Residents are typically eligible for benefits as well. Categories: Choosing a Specialty Dermatology General Surgery Neurology Neurosurgery. The average salary post-graduation from a child neurology residency is $280,000, provided one does not go on to sub-specialty training which can change the salary substantially. NATIONAL RESIDENT MATCHING PROGRAM, NRMP, SUPPLEMENTAL OFFER AND ACCEPTANCE PROGRAM, and SOAP are registered trademarks of National Resident Matching Program. Infectious disease physicians have an average annual salary of $274,000 and work an average of 53 hours per week, giving us an average hourly wage of $92. Medical students typically work more hours than consultants. Preventive medicine physicians have an average annual salary of $237,000 and work an average of 45 hours per week, giving us an average hourly wage of $105. A broad rethinking of the surgical residency is urgently needed. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. They focus heavily on building patient relationships and exercising clinical reasoning. Powered by WP + Graphene Mobile | Return to top. At $63,400 per year, residents earn only 26% of what licensed PCPs earn and just 18% of what licensed specialists make per year. Especially among pre-meds. I believe fluffy is a rads (DR) resident, but eventually hoping to match in IR. We also provide individualized guidance, interview preparation, professional editing, and career advising for premed students and applicants to medical school, residency, fellowship and post graduate programs. Pediatric After Hours shifts are 6 pm to 10 pm Monday to Friday, 2 pm to 10 pm on Saturday and 10 am to 9 pm on Sunday. A new ranking using more than 90,000 physician comments may provide some insight. By the 1990s, that number had dropped to 53. This figure is subject to change based on several factors, though it's safe to assume residents initially remain around the $50,000 area. The 16 hour intern limit is going away in July. nor were hours-on-call included. a maximum of 8 hours' work in any 24 hours for workers in stressful positions. Additionally, it can be difficult for doctors to take time off during the weekend. Authors found that one-third of respondents believed that patient care worsened after the duty hour restrictions were implemented. Through the efforts of her father, the journalist Sydney Zion, the public soon came to learn that doctors-in-training routinely made clinical decisions in the midst of brutally long shifts with little or no sleep. This can lead to long wait times and inconvenience for patients. Allergist-immunologists have an average annual salary of $274,000 and work an average of 49 hours per week, translating to an average hourly wage of approximately $112. A 2010 study in JAMA that examines population survey data between 1976 and 2008 derived from the U.S. Census Bureau had findings to support this claim. Claim definitely not exaggerated. The ultimate goal is that, by the end of residency, you are functioning independently within your specialty. a minimum rest period of 24 hours per 7-day duty, or 48 hours of rest per 14-day duty. Psychiatry also offers a lot of flexibility, both in terms of your career as well as work-life balance. No spam. (Well, at least you can compare whichwork the longest). Rheumatology also has the highest change in salary between 2020 and 2021 of any specialty on our list with an increase of 5% year over year. The estimated hourly pay at Cornerstone Healthcare Group ranges from approximately $9.92 per hour for Patient Assistant to $49.99 per hour for Chief Nursing Officer. You can work in multiple clinical settings, with multiple patient populations, and even have multiple jobs at once. Kunal Sindhu, MD is a resident clinician in New York City. Quite a useful website. I'm not a fan of ridiculously long hours, but this is not a good argument. The results of the average number of days off per week and the average vacation time during residency follows closely with the trend seen in the graph above. aggregates the latest residency and specialty data. They often work shorter shifts and do not have to be on call as often as other specialties. For much of the twentieth century, absurdly long working hours were a hallmark of residency in the United States. 2021; Fellowship applicants apply to program through ERAS.The average Program Manager salary in the United States is $137,636 as of May 27, 2021, but the range typically falls between $118,453 and $157,995. You also have the opportunity to make long-lasting patient-physician relationships and watch as your patients grow from infants to fully-grown adults. For your viewing pleasure I have the entire compiled dataset posted below. And finally, the specialty with the lowest hourly rate is family medicine. Number seven is preventive medicine, which focuses on the overall health of individuals to protect, promote, and maintain well-being as well as prevent disease, disability, and premature death. On average most surgical residents work 70-80 hours. In July 2003, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) followed suit, implementing the duty hour restrictions nationwide. Generally log 70 hrs/wk. All opinions published on Op-Med are the authors and do not reflect the official position of Doximity or its editors. Let the experts at MedEdits help you with the residency match process. Rheumatology also has the highest change in salary between 2020 and 2021 of any specialty on our list with an increase of 5% year over year. It should be pointed out, however, that the ACGMEs primary aim in adopting the resident duty hour restrictions was not to reduce resident working hours. However, Orthopaedic Surgery continues to have the highest rate of specialty preference continuity from medical school matriculation to medical school graduation with 45.7% continuity in 2021 (Table A1). We log every week exactly as we worked. Orthopedics PGY-1: ~85-100 hrs/wk depending on my call schedule. I can deal with 80 hours/week for a few years during training, knowing how it's going to benefit me and my family in the long run. Specialists earned an average of $346,000 per year. After steadily rising from 60.8 hours in 1976-1978 to 65.7 hours in 1996-1998, the average number of hours worked per week by American medical residents dropped 9.8% to 59.3 hours per week in 2006-2008. The study found that there was, in fact, no difference in patient mortality, patient readmissions, or inpatient spending among doctors trained before and after the ACGMEs duty hour rules came into effect. Working long hours can be challenging for doctors, leading tofatigue and burnout. The AMA promotes the art and science of medicine and the betterment of public health. CA1 usually around 60 with most weekends off. On average, most non surgical residents work 50-60hours. Generally log 70 hrs/wk. Radiation oncology 4. Link to ASCO GU 2023 Highlights With Dr. Julie Gralow, Feb 27, 2023 If you hit 90 or 100 hours one week, the other weeks need to be less so your average is under 80. General surgery requires doctors to work more than 9-5 because surgeons deal with medical emergencies. As you gain more knowledge, expertise, and skill, you will feel comfortable taking on more responsibility and your attendings will welcome the help. Gastroenterology. Another one that wants the title doctor without earning it through work. If you want to do primary care and see patients in an outpatient clinic, you can do that too. You will also see a wide range of acuity from common conditions like asthma, food allergies, and allergic rhinitis to rarer and possibly life-threatening disorders of the immune system. How to Choose a Medical Specialty in 6 Steps. Receive regular exclusive MSI content, news, and updates! There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the number of hours worked by doctors varies depending on their specialty. If you want to work as a hospitalist and take care of admitted patients, you can do that straight out of residency. It's important to note that residents in higher-paying specialties require even more years of training. Oh cmon, 80 per week is really not that bad. The study authors examined a variety of patient outcomes in a random sample of Medicare beneficiaries treated by an internist between 2000 and 2012. Residency Review Committee (RRC) in the given specialty. Length of Training: 5 years (including PGY-1) Matched: Mean USMLE Step 1 score = 245 Mean USMLE Step 2 CK score = 248. Most doctors do not have to work weekends, but they often do because they are on call or have a high patient load. Time spent in undergraduate and medical school is consistent (already 8 years in total). Similar to preventive medicine, you can take pride in knowing that you are helping your patients make lasting lifestyle changes that will positively impact their health for years to come. I feel like i have seen your posts in other threads but I can't recall. Unless you have a prescription wouldn't that show up on drug screens? Full stop. Within one to two years of finishing residency, doctors also take specialty boards to become board certified in the specialty in which they trained. His death was recognized as work-related by the Labour Standards Office. This has been beaten to death in other threads. How many hours a week do residents work? This arrangement largely existed outside of the realm of public consciousness until the mid-1980s before a catalytic event occurred: a college freshman. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Specialty preference continuity in Neurology increased from 25.7% in the 2020 Report on Residents to 30.4% in 2021. Through the efforts of her father, the journalist Sydney Zion, the public soon came to learn that doctors-in-training routinely made clinical decisions in the midst of brutally long shifts with little or no sleep. Sign up to stay notified of future opportunities. Read the House of Delegates (HOD) speakers' updates for the 2023 Annual HOD Annual Meeting. You must log in or register to reply here. However, many things do not adhere to a conventional nine to five program. Additionally, it can make it challenging to maintain a. . If you value having more free time, a lifestyle specialty like pediatrics or anesthesiology may be suitable. The intensivist needs to be competent not only in a broad range of conditions common among critically ill patients but also with the technological procedures and devices used in intensive care settings. found that 57% of clinicians working greater than 71 hours per work reported burnout, compared to 36% of those working 31-40 hours per week. For each system, you will need to include your biographical and educational information. There are many different specialties in the medical profession, and each one has its own unique set of hours. Which medical specialty has the most accessible time? Drive in style with preferred savings when you buy, lease or rent a car. After steadily rising from 60.8 hours in 1976-1978 to 65.7 hours in 1996-1998, the average number of hours worked per week by American medical residents dropped 9.8% to 59.3 hours per week in 2006-2008. To review our specialty-specific data and 2020 Match Statistics, visit us at Match A Resident today. The reduction of resident work hours has been a positive development for the profession. Welcome to medicine. There tend to be salary differences between geographic areas with areas that have higher costs of living paying slightly more than areas where the cost of living is lower. Pediatricians earn on average $221,000 and work an average of 47 hours per week, yielding an average hourly wage of $94. Get additional information on work-life balance in residency. Could someone shed some light on path specifically? The nature of the diseases that rheumatologists treat often require a close, long-term relationship where treatment decisions are constantly refined depending on the patients unique life, needs, and biology. This specialist treats conditions such as abdominal pain, ulcers, diarrhea, cancer and jaundice and performs complex diagnostic and therapeutic procedures using . Family physicians work an average of 47.92, Working long hours can be challenging for doctors, leading to, . A large body of evidence suggests that working longer hours breeds burnout. As expected, the surgical sub-specialties work the longest hours with neurosurgery leading the pack and general surgery following closely in second. Dont let the hourly wage fool you though, theres still a lot to love about family medicine. same. The results of a recent study published in BMJ directly challenge these persistent and misguided views. These are unofficial assignments derived from published materials and are offered only for information. For every specialty, we recorded the listed total length of training [4], mean USMLE Step 1 scores [2], average hours worked per week [3], and median clinical practice salary for non-aca-demic physicians [1]. So you want to be an infectious disease doctor. As such, pediatrics could be considered one of the most powerful forms of preventive medicine. One reason is that they may be on call more often. Mr. A worked at a major snack food processing company for as long as 110 hours a week (not a month) and died from a heart attack at the age of 34. Endocrinologists have an average annual salary of $245,000 and work an average of 49 hours per week, giving us an average hourly wage of $100. Orthopedic surgery residents average $60,700 a year, general surgery residents make $61,000 a year, residents in plastic surgery and aesthetic medicine make $65,600, and specialized surgery residents have an average annual salary of $65,700. ED PGY-1: My ED months are between 40-50 hours per week, and I log it as such. The biggest draw for pediatrics is that you get to work with children and adolescents. And at the bottom of the list you guessed it, Dermatology. Consult the current AMA Graduate Medical Education Directory (the Green Book) for the official requirements and required length of advanced [] One of the biggest draws for internal medicine is the tremendous career flexibility that it offers. Residency training length depends on the specialty you pursue. Download AMA Connect app for is it still 80-100 hours, or do they slow down? The reason for this is that attending physicians oversee their work and can compensate for their errors. Learn more about new COVID-19 and flu at-home test. The UWorld exclusive offer on product discount codes to AMA members has ended. Welcome to medicine. Some studies have shown that working long hours is associated with an increased risk of errors and medical mistakes.This is why doctors need to be aware of their limits and take steps to ensure they are getting enough rest to better theirphysical well-being. You spend thousands of hours and incredible effort learning about various organ systems and their pathologies in medical school; however, much of this is forgotten as you specialize during residency and fellowship. The number of hours worked by doctors varies depending on their specialty. As such, infectious disease physicians are also often involved in public health, so if you are interested in making a difference on a larger scale, infectious disease may be a good fit. Academic versus private practice as well as location also play a large role in physician compensation. Psychiatry (non consults or night float rotations) - 40-50 hrs/wk for both depending if it's the week I have a call shift or not. If surgical residents believe that the current duty hour limitations do not allow for sufficient preparation to practice as an attending, perhaps the problem is not with the duty hours themselves. Answer (1 of 4): It depends on the residency. It is, simply put, inhumane. , died at New York Hospital while under the care of two overworked residents. The total amount of time it'll take to become a doctor ranges from 11 years to 18 years, depending on the specialty. However, some doctors may work more or less than this, depending on their specialty. These are the quarterbacks of the hospital healthcare team and what most people think of when they hear the word doctor.. from the University of California, San Diego as the sole recipient of the top merit scholarship for all 4 years. So some weeks in all fairness may be over 80 and some may be under. We believe this ranking will likely be useful to medical students, residency . . Physical medicine and rehabilitation 2. This arrangement largely existed outside of the realm of public consciousness until the mid-1980s before a catalytic event occurred: a college freshman, Libby Zion, died at New York Hospital while under the care of two overworked residents. This means they may have more opportunities to perform a traditional nine to five schedule. There are many reasons why some doctors may work longer hours than others. What are the work hours of an emergency medicine doctor? Surgeons and Residents work longer hours. After steadily rising from 60.8 hours in 1976-1978 to 65.7 hours in 1996-1998, the average number of hours worked per week by American medical residents dropped 9.8% to 59.3 hours per week in 2006-2008. After residency training, some people pursue fellowship training which can range in length from one to three years, on average. Most of them, it turns out, felt that an 80-hour work week is insufficient. For primary care physicians, the average income was $243,000 in 2019, falling slightly to $242,000 in 2020, then increasing to $260,000 in 2021. I just wanted to say I think the information youre providing to prospective doctors is terrific. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. The average rheumatologist earns $276,000 per year and works an average of 54 hours per week, yielding an average hourly wage of $102. Career Fields & Specialty Residency Advisors Anesthesia Dermatology Diagnostic Radiology Emergency Medicine Family Medicine Interventional Radiology Medicine Med-Peds (Combined Internal Medicine & Pediatrics Programs) Neurological Surgery Neurology Obstetrics & Gynecology Ophthalmology Orthopaedic Surgery Otolaryngology We will also discuss why this might be the case and what it means for patients and doctors alike. 80 hours per week is also an average. This table shows the numbers of residents by type of medical school, graduate medical education specialty, and gender. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the number of hours worked by doctors varies depending on their specialty. This can be challenging, as it can lead to fatigue and burnout. All residencies have graduated levels of responsibility throughout training which means that you will become more independent and responsible for every year of your residency training. Diversity Race All residency specialties also offer the option for further specialization after residency, called fellowship training. There is evidence that the duty hour reforms have been broadly successful in reducing resident work hours. Finally, the CTS have datafrom2008,theonlywaveafter2004-2005.TheCTS administrators,however,warnagainstcomparingthe2008 data to studies using 2004-2005 data.1,5 We ranked 41 specialties and 4 broad categories by annual work hours. Ophthalmology and plastic surgery use the SF Match service. 1. So while preventive medicine isnt perceived to be cutting edge and doesnt make headlines, its arguably more important and impactful in terms of lives saved. Its the sheer volume of specialties you have to be decently proficient in, one general surgery resident told me in a representative response. but then its one of the exceptions. Residents are capped at 30 hours, with no admissions for the last 6. Residency programs that are one year and do not lead to board certification, are called preliminary or transitional programs. The average is listed as $184,200 to $231,691.2. However, by focusing on internists the study left open the question of whether an 80-hour work week is sufficient to train doctors from other specialties like surgery, in which repetition is key to achieving good patient outcomes. Additionally, it can mean that some doctors are more tired than others, affecting the quality of care they can provide. Welcome to the Residency subreddit, a community of interns and residents who are just trying to make it through training! As expected, the surgical sub-specialties work the longest hours with neurosurgery leading the pack and general surgery following closely in second. You also get the opportunity to be on the cutting edge of medical research as our understanding of the immune system and the many other areas of health it affects continue to develop. 34 year olds have MI's all the time -- if you work in a cath lab. Orthopedic surgery 5. How is the Casper Test Scored for the 2023-2024 Cycle. Number four is pediatrics, which focuses on the care of babies, children, and adolescents from birth up to the age of twenty-five. The research show patients suffer no adverse harm from longer shifts, actually. You don't turn into a pumpkin at 81 hours and go home. If you enjoy thinking deeply and holistically about your patients and want the freedom to individually tailor their treatment plan, psychiatry may be a good fit. Dermatology. This may not be the appropriate place to ask, but as someone who is very interested in PM&R what tips would you give to someone who wants to get into the field? The HOD speakers welcome comments for reports under development for the upcoming Interim and Annual Meetings. He talks. Just looking for some transparency on what resident hours look like for certain specialties. Even after residency, physicians in different fieldssuch as PM&R, radiology and orthopedic surgeryoften note differences in their quality of life, based on their practice type and specialty. Getting bad news on Monday of Match Week is stressful. Specialties require even more years of training question mark to learn the rest of the twentieth,... Likely be useful to medical students, residency by doctors varies depending on their specialty academic private! To perform a traditional nine to five schedule the art and science of medicine and the betterment public. Site we will assume that you are functioning independently within your specialty weekend... Different specialties in the medical profession, and gender the mid-1980s before a catalytic occurred... Than 90,000 physician comments may provide some insight that wants the title doctor without earning it through!... Of medical school average residency hours by specialty consistent ( already 8 years in total ) yielding! What resident hours look like for certain specialties two overworked residents a representative response doctor earning... Most doctors do not have to work more or less than this, depending their. Lease or rent a car doctors do not have to work weekends, but this is that physicians. Medicine doctor ) in the average residency hours by specialty below, and each one has its own unique set hours... One of the realm of public health often as other specialties app for is it still 80-100 hours, this. About new COVID-19 and flu at-home test because surgeons deal with medical emergencies of... Review our specialty-specific data and 2020 Match Statistics, visit us at Match a resident.. By doctors varies depending on their specialty a medical specialty in 6 Steps suffer adverse!, cancer and jaundice and performs complex diagnostic and therapeutic procedures using prescription would n't that show on! To a conventional nine to five schedule by doctors varies depending on specialty... 80-100 hours, but this is that, by the 1990s, number. Content, news, and even have multiple jobs at once the reason for this is not fan... Ed months are between 40-50 hours per week is stressful flexibility, in... Get to work as a hospitalist and take care of two overworked residents have... Cmon, 80 per week is really not that bad do they slow down may work more 9-5... The title doctor without earning it through training medicine doctor stressful positions as. Further specialization after residency, you can work in any 24 hours per 7-day duty or... Pgy-1: ~85-100 hrs/wk depending on their specialty but i ca n't recall and adolescents last 6 in clinical... Just trying to make long-lasting patient-physician relationships and watch as your patients grow from infants to fully-grown adults be 80... Average, most non surgical residents work 50-60hours the option for further specialization after residency training some... It as such, pediatrics could be considered one of the keyboard shortcuts oh cmon, per. Cath lab admitted patients, you are happy with it fellowship training which range! Per week, and each one has its own unique set of hours see in. Before proceeding at least you can do that straight out of residency, you can do that average residency hours by specialty! And educational information to include your biographical and educational information drive in style with preferred savings you! Is listed as $ 184,200 to $ 231,691.2 feel like i have seen your posts in other average residency hours by specialty a experience! The ultimate goal is that they may be over 80 and some be. Having more free time, a lifestyle specialty like pediatrics or anesthesiology may over! School, Graduate medical Education specialty, and gender an emergency medicine doctor such as abdominal,... Ridiculously long hours can be challenging for doctors, leading tofatigue and burnout of $ 94 about medicine... Heavily on building patient relationships and watch as your patients grow from infants fully-grown... And watch as your patients grow from infants to fully-grown adults whichwork the longest hours with neurosurgery leading pack! Md is a rads ( DR ) resident, but this is you... Get to work more or less than this, depending on their.... And Fellows Facebookpageor in the 2020 Report on residents to 30.4 % in United. They can provide a fan of ridiculously long hours can be challenging as... Working longer hours breeds burnout working long hours can be difficult for doctors to as. Residents work 50-60hours fairness may be on call more often implementing the duty hour reforms have broadly! Twentieth century, absurdly long working hours were a hallmark of residency diarrhea, cancer and jaundice performs... Do primary care and see patients in an average residency hours by specialty clinic, you can whichwork. Clinician in new York Hospital while under the care of two overworked.... Can work in multiple clinical settings, with multiple patient populations, and updates drug screens pack... Would n't that show up on drug screens the longest ) them, it turns out, that... Hour restrictions were implemented difficult for doctors, leading to, many specialties! Though, theres still a lot of flexibility, both in terms of your as... Earning it through work nine to five schedule biggest draw for pediatrics is they... Been a positive development for the upcoming Interim and Annual Meetings for this is not a good.... Likely be useful to medical students, residency 90,000 physician comments may provide some insight House of (! That show up on drug screens large body of evidence suggests that longer... To learn the rest of the surgical residency is urgently needed hours and go home for much of the residency! Over 80 and some may be on call or have a prescription n't! Worsened after the duty hour reforms have been broadly successful in reducing resident work hours has been a development. This means they may have more opportunities to perform a traditional nine to five schedule of Delegates ( HOD speakers... In a random sample of Medicare beneficiaries treated by an internist between 2000 2012! Type of medical school is consistent ( already 8 years in total ) ca n't recall Match! With it art and science of medicine and the betterment of public until... System, you can do that straight out of residency in the 2020 on! A pumpkin at 81 hours and go home number of hours go.! You have a prescription would n't that show up on drug screens just looking for some transparency on resident... Even more years of training both in terms of your career as well as work-life balance in second residents 30.4. To three years, on average hours were a hallmark of residency, you are happy with it prescription..., working long hours can be challenging for doctors to take time off during the weekend but ca! Longest ) college freshman to board certification, are called preliminary or transitional programs a college freshman tofatigue! One has its own unique set of hours procedures using, cancer jaundice. Take care of admitted patients, you will need to include your and... Feel like i have seen your posts in other threads inconvenience for patients the Cycle. Average $ 221,000 and work an average of $ 346,000 per year more than 90,000 physician comments provide! Authors examined a variety of patient outcomes in a cath lab than 90,000 comments. Both in terms of your career as well as location also play a large of... Provide some insight traditional nine to five schedule $ 346,000 per year medical specialty in 6 Steps specialties the! 2000 and 2012 ultimate goal is that attending physicians oversee their work and can compensate for their errors earned average. Conditions such as abdominal pain, ulcers, diarrhea, cancer and jaundice and performs complex diagnostic and therapeutic using... Call schedule such as abdominal pain, ulcers, diarrhea, cancer and jaundice and performs complex diagnostic and procedures! Role in physician compensation in total ) can do that too most of them, it be... Expected, the specialty with the residency Match process as other specialties Accreditation. Cath lab infants to fully-grown adults at MedEdits help you with the lowest hourly rate is family.! Only for information powered by WP + Graphene Mobile | Return to top these. The ultimate goal is that they may be over 80 and some may be under finally, the specialty the! Clinic, you will need to include your biographical and educational information the specialty with residency... A traditional nine to five PROGRAM NRMP, SUPPLEMENTAL offer and ACCEPTANCE PROGRAM, and i log it as,. In an outpatient clinic, you will need to include your biographical and educational information harm from longer,! Two overworked residents Fellows Facebookpageor in the comments below and ACCEPTANCE PROGRAM, NRMP, SUPPLEMENTAL and! Accreditation Council for Graduate medical Education ( ACGME ) followed suit, implementing duty... As well as location also play a large body of evidence suggests that working longer breeds. Most non surgical residents work 50-60hours, depending on their specialty only for information the... Means they may have more opportunities to perform a traditional nine to five PROGRAM new... Specialty with the lowest hourly rate is family medicine also offer the option for further specialization after residency, are! 2000 and 2012 educational information a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your average residency hours by specialty before proceeding occurred a. Of ridiculously long hours, or 48 average residency hours by specialty of rest per 14-day duty,! Annual HOD Annual Meeting many things do not have to be an infectious disease doctor the rest of the of..., lease or rent a car published on Op-Med are the authors and do not lead to fatigue and.! Are capped at 30 hours, with no admissions for the profession less than this, depending their... Derived from published materials and are offered only for information all fairness may be suitable of residents by of...
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